ipu's Summer Palace was completed in 1791, and still stands
in the Petta area of Bangalore. It is not far from the Fort
which Haidar Ali reconstructed in 1761, and the Lal Bagh
Botanical Garden, which he planted with tropical plants
and shrubs, an interest in horticulture
which his son inherited.
Of Tipu's palace within the fort, only fragments remain.
Although the original surfaces have been much restored,
the surviving Palace still possesses the ornate but airy
elegance which delighted contemporary visitors. It is interesting
to compare the description of Robert
Home (1794) with that of Francis Buchanan
(published 1807). Home wrote enthusiastically:
'........the most splendid fabric within the walls is the
palace built by Tippoo for his own residence. This is grand
and spacious, displaying to the round winds of heaven as
many ample fronts, each composing a lofty hall, the wooden
roof of which is supported by colonnades of the same material.
The pillars are connected by scolloped arches; the whole
is superbly painted and gilt. The walls in front of the
entrances to the east and west halls have balconies, richly
carved, and raised by small pillars, united by arches. In
the middle of each balcony is a square projection, which
we suppose to have been introduced for the seat of state,
whenever the Sultan held durbar. The north and south fronts
are extremely airy, no wall dividing them, so that the eye
completely pervades the building. In front of each face
of the palace is a fountain; and on the north, south, and
west are jenanas (sic), not yet finished, low, but highly
ornamented with painting and gilding. Opposite the north,
and south fronts are small flower gardens, on the right
and left, in which the pink of Europe vies with the variegated
flowers of the east.'
Buchanan was less receptive:
'The morning (May 10th, 1800) being cool and pleasant, I
walked through the ruins of the Fort of Bangalore, which
was constructed by Hyder after the best fashion of the Mussulman
military architecture; and which was destroyed by his son
after he found how little it was fitted to resist british
valour.....The garrison contained......no good building
except the palace. Although this is composed of mud, it
is not without some degree of magnificence. On the upper
storey it contains four halls, each comprising two balconies
of state for the prince, and each balcony faces a different
Cutchery, or court for giving audience. No person, except
a few trusty guards, were admitted into the hall with the
Sultan: but at each end of the court was erected a balcony
for the officers of the highest rank. The interior offices
occupied a hall under the balcony of the prince. The populace
were admitted into the open court, in which there were fountains
for cooling the air. At each end of the halls are private
apartments, small, mean and inconvenient. The public rooms
are neatly painted and ornamented with false gilding.'
|